- Sabellariidae Johnston 1865
- Sabellidae Latreille 1825
- Saccamminidae Brady 1884
- Sagittidae Claus & Grobben 1905
- Sagittiferidae Kostenko & Mamkaev 1990
- Salamandridae Goldfuss 1820
- Salangidae Bleeker 1859
- Salicaceae de Mirbel 1815
- Salmonidae G. Cuvier 1816
- Samaridae Jordan & Goss 1889
- Sapindaceae de Jussieu 1789
- Sapotaceae de Jussieu 1789
- Sargassaceae Kützing 1843
- Saturniidae
- Scalibregmatidae Malmgren 1867
- Scaliolidae Jousseaume 1912
- Scalpellidae Pilsbry 1907
- Scarabaeidae Latreille 1802
- Scaridae Rafinesque 1810
- Scatophagidae Bleeker 1876
- Schisandraceae Blume 1830
- Schistosomatidae Poche 1907
- Schizasteridae Lambert 1905
- Sciaenidae Cuvier 1829
- Scincidae Gray 1825
- Sciuridae Fischer de Waldheim 1817
- Scolopacidae Rafinesque 1815
- Scomberesocidae J.P. Müller 1843
- Scombridae Rafinesque 1815
- Scombropidae Gill 1862
- Scorpaenidae A. Risso 1826
- Scrophulariaceae de Jussieu 1789
- Scutellidae Gray 1825
- Scyliorhinidae T.N. Gill 1862
- Scyllaridae Latreille 1825
- Scytosiphonaceae Farlow 1881
- Sebastidae Kaup 1873
- Semelidae Stoliczka 1870
- Semisulcospiridae Morrison 1952
- Sergestidae Dana 1852
- Serpulidae Rafinesque 1815
- Serranidae Innamura & Yabe 2002
- Sertulariidae Lamouroux 1812
- Sesarmidae Dana 1851
- Setarchidae Ishida 1994
- Setaridae
- Seuratidae Railliet 1906
- Sigalionidae Malmgren 1867
- Siganidae Richardson 1837
- Sillaginidae Richardson 1846
- Silphidae Latreille 1807
- Siluridae G. Cuvier 1816
- Siphonariidae Gray 1827
- Sirenidae Gray 1825
- Siricidae
- Skeletonemaceae Lebour 1930
- Skrjabingylidae Skrjabin 1933
- Soboliphymatidae Railliet 1915
- Solasteridae Viguier 1878
- Soleidae Bonaparte 1832
- Solemyidae Gray 1840
- Solenidae Lamarck 1809
- Solenoceridae Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock 1891
- Soricidae G. Fischer 1814
- Sparidae Rafinesque 1810
- Sphaeriidae Deshayes 1855 (1820)
- Sphaeromatidae Latreille 1825
- Sphagnaceae Dumort.
- Sphecidae Latreille 1802
- Sphingidae
- Sphyraenidae Rafinesque 1815
- Sphyrnidae T.N. Gill 1872
- Spintheridae Augener 1913
- Spionidae Grube 1850
- Spirocercidae Chitwood & Wehr 1932
- Spirochaetaceae Swellengrebel 1907
- Spiruridae Örley 1885
- Spongiphoridae Verhoeff 1902
- Squalidae de Blainville 1816
- Squatinidae Bonaparte 1838
- Stachyuraceae J.Agardh
- Staphyleaceae (de Candolle) Lindley
- Staphylinidae Lameere 1900
- Stegostomatidae T.N. Gill 1862
- Stenopsychidae Martynov 1924
- Stenothyridae Tryon 1866
- Sternaspidae Carus 1863
- Sternoptychidae T.N. Gill 1863
- Stichaeidae Gill 1864
- Stichopodidae Haeckel 1896
- Stomiidae Bleeker 1859
- Streptaxidae Gray 1860
- Strigeidae Railliet 1919
- Strigidae Vigors 1825
- Strombidae Rafinesque 1815
- Strongylidae Baird 1853
- Strongylocentrotidae Gregory 1900
- Strongyloididae Chitwood & McIntosh 1934
- Sturnidae Rafinesque 1815
- Styelidae Sluiter 1895
- Stylasteridae Gray 1847
- Stylochidae Stimpson 1857
- Styracaceae Dumortier
- Suberitidae Schmidt 1870
- Subulinidae P. Fischer & Crosse 1877
- Subuluridae Travassos 1914
- Succineidae Beck 1837
- Suidae Gray 1821
- Sycettidae Dendy 1893
- Syllidae Grube 1850
- Symplocaceae Desfontaines 1820
- Synallactidae Ludwig 1894
- Synanceiidae Kaup 1873
- Synbranchidae
- Synchaetidae Hudson & Gosse 1886
- Syngamidae Leiper 1912
- Syngnathidae Rafinesque 1810
- Synodontidae T.N. Gill 1862
- Syrphidae Latreille 1802